[Omeo33] Art 0655 - Integrative Cancer Ther, 2006, 5 (4), 350-355

[Gino Santini]

Effect of Homeopathic Treatment on Gene Expression in Copenhagen Rat  
Tumor Tissues
Rajesh L. Thangapazham, N. V. Rajeshkumar, Anuj Sharma, Jim Warren,  
Anoop K. Singh, John A. Ives, Jaya P. Gaddipati, Radha K. Maheshwari,  
Wayne B. Jonas

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that the inability to undergo  
apoptosis is an important factor in the development and progression of  
prostate cancer. Agents that induce apoptosis may inhibit tumor growth  
and provide therapeutic benefit. In a recent study, the authors found  
that certain homeopathic treatments produced anticancer effects in an  
animal model. In this study, the authors examined the immunomodulating  
and apoptotic effects of these remedies. Materials and Methods: The  
authors investigated the effect of a homeopathic treatment regimen  
containing Conium maculatum, Sabal serrulata, Thuja occidentalis, and  
a MAT-LyLu Carcinosin nosode on the expression of cytokines and genes  
that regulate apoptosis. This was assessed in prostate cancer tissues,  
extracted from animals responsive to these drugs, using ribonuclease  
protection assay or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.  
Results: There were no significant changes in mRNA levels of the  
apoptotic genes bax, bcl-2, bcl-x, caspase-1, caspase-2, caspase-3,  
Fas, FasL, or the cytokines interleukin (IL)–1, IL-1ß, tumor necrosis  
factor (TNF)–ß, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-, IL-2, and  
interferon- in prostate tumor and lung metastasis after treatment with  
homeopathic medicines. Conclusions: This study indicates that  
treatment with the highly diluted homeopathic remedies does not alter  
the gene expression in primary prostate tumors or in lung metastasis.  
The therapeutic effect of homeopathic treatments observed in the in  
vivo experiments cannot be explained by mechanisms based on distinct  
alterations in gene expression related to apoptosis or cytokines.  
Future research should explore subtle modulations in the expression of  
multiple genes in different biological pathways.

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